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 Reduce VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient#List calls for Azure cloud provider

**What this PR does / why we need it**:

For master nodes not managed by VMSS, current cloud provider would updateCaches each time when finding master nodes info. This could result in call limits of `VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient#List`. 

This PR adds a caches to those nodes which reduces the cache updating significantly.

**Which issue(s) this PR fixes** *(optional, in `fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...)` format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged)*:
Continue of #43287.

**Special notes for your reviewer**:

**Release note**:

```release-note
NONE
```