Automatic merge from submit-queue (batch tested with PRs 48781, 48817, 48830, 48829, 48053)

kubeadm: Start to remove old envparams

**What this PR does / why we need it**:

Historically, the envparams feature was used as a way to easily debug `kubeadm` while developing it in the v1.3-v1.4 timeframe. Since then some parameters have been hanging around and not being moved into the API as they should have.

Note: This is a temporary step; moving things into the API. Still, the API is gonna change, this is not the end state. But this is better than keeping the envparams.

I'm gonna deal with `KubernetesDir` in the next PR.

**Which issue this PR fixes** *(optional, in `fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...)` format, will close that issue when PR gets merged)*: fixes #

Fixes: kubernetes/kubeadm#326

**Special notes for your reviewer**:

**Release note**:

```release-note
NONE
```
@timothysc @pipejakob