Skip to content

bugzilla
bugzilla
Switch branch/tag
Find file
BlameHistoryPermalink
programadmin.html 28.8 KB
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Product, Component, Milestone, and Version
      Administration</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Administering Bugzilla"
HREF="administration.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="User Administration"
HREF="useradmin.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Bugzilla Security"
HREF="security.html"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="section"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="useradmin.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 4. Administering Bugzilla</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="security.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="programadmin">4.3. Product, Component, Milestone, and Version
      Administration</H1
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
WIDTH="100%"
CELLSPACING="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CLASS="EPIGRAPH"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
>&nbsp;</TD
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><I
><P
><I
>Dear Lord, we have to get our users to do WHAT?</I
></P
></I
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="products">4.3.1. Products</H2
><FONT
COLOR="RED"
>Formerly, and in some spots still, called
	"Programs"</FONT
><P
>&#13;	<A
HREF="glossary.html#gloss-product"
><I
CLASS="glossterm"
>Products</I
></A
> are
	the broadest category in Bugzilla, and you should have the
	least of these. If your company makes computer games, you
	should have one product per game, and possibly a few special
	products (website, meetings...)
      </P
><P
>&#13;	A Product (formerly called "Program", and still referred to
	that way in some portions of the source code) controls some
	very important functions. The number of "votes" available for
	users to vote for the most important bugs is set per-product,
	as is the number of votes required to move a bug automatically
	from the UNCONFIRMED status to the NEW status.  One can close
	a Product for further bug entry and define various Versions
	available from the Edit product screen.
      </P
><P
>To create a new product:</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select "components" from the yellow footer
	  </P
><DIV
CLASS="tip"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="tip"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	      It may seem counterintuitive to click "components" when
	      you want to edit the properties associated with
	      Products.  This is one of a long list of things we want
	      in Bugzilla 3.0...
	    </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select the "Add" link to the right of "Add a new product".
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Enter the name of the product and a description. The
	    Description field is free-form.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
><DIV
CLASS="tip"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="tip"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	  Don't worry about the "Closed for bug entry", "Maximum Votes
	  per person",  "Maximum votes a person can put on a single
	  bug", "Number of votes a bug in this Product needs to
	  automatically get out of the UNCOMFIRMED state", and
	  "Version" options yet. We'll cover those in a few moments.
	</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="components">4.3.2. Components</H2
><P
>&#13;	Components are subsections of a Product. 

	<DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1405"><P
><B
>Example 4-1. Creating some Components</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1407"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;	      The computer game you are designing may have a "UI"
	      component, an "API" component, a "Sound System"
	      component, and a "Plugins" component,  each overseen by
	      a different programmer.  It often makes sense to divide
	      Components in Bugzilla according to the natural
	      divisions of responsibility within your Product  or
	      company.
	    </P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
> Each component has a owner and (if you turned it on
	in the parameters), a QA  Contact. The owner should be the
	primary person who fixes bugs in that component.  The  QA
	Contact should be the person who will ensure these bugs are
	completely fixed. The Owner, QA Contact, and Reporter will get
	email when new bugs are created in this Component and when
	these bugs change. Default Owner and Default QA Contact fields
	only dictate the <EM
>default assignments</EM
>; the
	Owner and QA Contact fields in a bug  are otherwise unrelated
	to the Component.
      </P
><P
>&#13;	To create a new Component:
      </P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select the "Edit components" link from the "Edit product"
	    page
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select the "Add" link to the right of the "Add a new
	    component" text on the "Select Component" page.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Fill out the "Component" field, a short "Description", and
	    the "Initial Owner". The Component and Description fields
	    are free-form; the "Initial Owner" field must be that of a
	    user ID already existing in the database.  If the initial
	    owner does not exist, Bugzilla will refuse to create the
	    component.
	    <DIV
CLASS="tip"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="tip"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;		Is your "Default Owner" a user who is not yet in the
		database? No problem.
		<P
></P
><OL
TYPE="a"
><LI
><P
>&#13;		      Select the "Log out" link on the footer of the
		      page.
		    </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;		      Select the "New Account" link on the footer of
		      the "Relogin" page
		    </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;		      Type in the email address of the default owner
		      you want to create in the "E-mail address"
		      field, and her full name in the "Real name"
		      field, then select the "Submit Query" button.
		    </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;		      Now select "Log in" again, type in your login
		      information, and you can modify the product to
		      use the Default Owner information you require.
		    </P
></LI
></OL
>
	      </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Either Edit more components or return to the Bugzilla
	    Query Page. To return to the Product you were editing, you
	    must select the Components link as before.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="versions">4.3.3. Versions</H2
><P
>&#13;	Versions are the revisions of the product, such as "Flinders
	3.1", "Flinders 95", and "Flinders 2000".  Using Versions
	helps you isolate code changes and are an aid in reporting.

	<DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1434"><P
><B
>Example 4-2. Common Use of Versions</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1436"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;	      A user reports a bug against Version "Beta 2.0" of your
	      product.  The current Version of your software is
	      "Release Candidate 1", and no longer has the bug.  This
	      will help you triage and classify bugs according to
	      their relevance.  It is also possible people may report
	      bugs against bleeding-edge beta versions that are not
	      evident in older versions of the software.  This can
	      help isolate code changes that caused the bug
	    </P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
>
	<DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1438"><P
><B
>Example 4-3. A Different Use of Versions</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1440"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;	      This field has been used to good effect by an online
	      service provider in a slightly different way.  They had
	      three versions of the product: "Production", "QA", and
	      "Dev".  Although it may be the same product, a bug in
	      the development environment is not normally as critical
	      as a Production bug, nor does it need to be reported
	      publicly.  When used in conjunction with Target
	      Milestones, one can easily specify the environment where
	      a bug can be reproduced, and the Milestone by which it
	      will be fixed.
	    </P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
>
       </P
><P
>&#13;	To create and edit Versions:
      </P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    From the "Edit product" screen, select "Edit Versions"
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    You will notice that the product already has the default
	    version "undefined". If your product doesn't use version
	    numbers, you may want to leave this as it is or edit it so
	    that it is "---". You can then go back to the edit
	    versions page and add new versions to your product.
	  </P
><P
>&#13;	    Otherwise, click the "Add" button to the right of the "Add
	    a new version" text.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Enter the name of the Version.  This can be free-form
	    characters up to the limit of the text box.  Then select
	    the "Add" button.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    At this point you can select "Edit" to edit more Versions,
	    or return to the "Query" page, from which you can navigate
	    back to the product through the "components" link at the
	    foot of the Query page.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="milestones">4.3.4. Milestones</H2
><P
>&#13;	Milestones are "targets" that you plan to get a bug fixed by.
	For example, you have a bug that you plan to fix for your 3.0
	release, it would be assigned the milestone of 3.0. Or, you
	have a bug that you plan to fix for 2.8, this would have a
	milestone of 2.8.
      </P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	  Milestone options will only appear for a Product if you
	  turned the "usetargetmilestone" field in the "Edit
	  Parameters" screen "On".
	</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>&#13;	To create new Milestones, set Default Milestones, and set
	Milestone URL: 
      </P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select "edit milestones"
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Select "Add" to the right of the "Add a new milestone"
	    text
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Enter the name of the Milestone in the "Milestone" field.
	    You can optionally set the "Sortkey", which is a positive
	    or negative number (-255 to 255) that defines where in the
	    list this particular milestone appears. Select "Add".
	  </P
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1466"><P
><B
>Example 4-4. Using SortKey with Target Milestone</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1468"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;		Let's say you create a target milestone called
		"Release 1.0", with Sortkey set to "0". Later, you
		realize that you will have a public beta, called
		"Beta1". You can create a Milestone called "Beta1",
		with a Sortkey of "-1" in order to ensure people will
		see the Target Milestone of "Beta1" earlier on the
		list than "Release 1.0"
	      </P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    If you want to add more milestones, select the "Edit"
	    link. If you don't, well shoot, you have to go back to the
	    "query" page and select "components" again, and make your
	    way back to the Product you were editing.
	    <DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;		This is another in the list of unusual user interface
		decisions that we'd like to get cleaned up.  Shouldn't
		there be a link to the effect of "edit the Product I
		was editing when I ended up here"?  In any case,
		clicking "components" in the footer takes you back to
		the "Select product" screen, from which you can begin
		editing your product again.
	      </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    From the Edit product screen again (once you've made your
	    way back), enter the URL for a description of what your
	    milestones are for this product in the "Milestone URL"
	    field. It should be of the format
	    "http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/product_milestones.html"
	  </P
><P
>&#13;	    Some common uses of this field include product
	    descriptions, product roadmaps, and of course a simple
	    description of the meaning of each milestone.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    If you're using Target Milestones, the "Default Milestone"
	    field must have some kind of entry.  If you really don't
	    care if people set coherent Target Milestones,  simply
	    leave this at the default, "---".  However, controlling
	    and regularly updating the Default Milestone field is a
	    powerful tool when reporting the status of projects.
	  </P
><P
>Select the "Update" button when you are done.</P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="voting">4.3.5. Voting</H2
><P
>&#13;	The concept of "voting" is a poorly understood, yet powerful
	feature for the management of open-source projects.  Each user
	is assigned so many Votes per product, which they can freely
	reassign (or assign multiple votes to a single bug). This
	allows developers to gauge user need for a particular
	enhancement or bugfix.  By allowing bugs with a certain number
	of votes to automatically move from "UNCONFIRMED" to "NEW",
	users of the bug system can help high-priority bugs garner
	attention so they don't sit for a long time awaiting triage.
      </P
><P
>&#13;	The daunting challenge of Votes is deciding where you draw the
	line for a "vocal majority".  If you only have a user base of
	100 users, setting a low threshold for bugs to move from
	UNCONFIRMED to NEW makes sense.  As the Bugzilla user base
	expands, however, these thresholds must be re-evaluated.  You
	should gauge whether this feature is worth the time and close
	monitoring involved, and perhaps forego implementation until
	you have a critical mass of users who demand it.
      </P
><P
>To modify Voting settings:</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Navigate to the "Edit product" screen for the Product you
	    wish to modify
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Set "Maximum Votes per person" to your calculated value.
	    Setting this field to "0" disables voting.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Set "Maximum Votes a person can put on a single bug" to
	    your calculated value.  It should probably be some number
	    lower than the "Maximum votes per person". Setting this
	    field to "0" disables voting, but leaves the voting
	    options open to the user.  This is confusing.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Set "Number of votes a bug in this product needs to
	    automatically get out of the UNCONFIRMED state" to your
	    calculated number.  Setting this field to "0"  disables
	    the automatic move of bugs from UNCONFIRMED to NEW.  Some
	    people advocate leaving this at "0", but of what use are
	    Votes if your Bugzilla user base is unable to affect which
	    bugs appear on Development radar?
	    <DIV
CLASS="tip"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="tip"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;		You should probably set this number to higher than a
		small coalition of Bugzilla users can influence it.
		Most sites use this as a "referendum" mechanism -- if
		users are able to vote a bug out of UNCONFIRMED, it is
		a <EM
>really</EM
> bad bug!
	      </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Once you have adjusted the values to your preference,
	    select the "Update" button.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="groups">4.3.6. Groups and Group Security</H2
><P
>&#13;	Groups can be very useful in bugzilla, because they allow
	users to isolate bugs or products that should only be seen by
	certain people.  Groups can also be a complicated minefield of
	interdependencies and weirdness if mismanaged.

	<DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1502"><P
><B
>Example 4-5. When to Use Group Security</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1504"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;	      Many Bugzilla sites isolate "Security-related" bugs from
	      all other bugs. This way, they can have a fix ready
	      before the security vulnerability is announced to the
	      world.  You can create a "Security" product which, by
	      default, has no members, and only add members to the
	      group (in their individual User page, as described under
	      User Administration) who should have priveleged access
	      to "Security" bugs.  Alternately, you may create a Group
	      independently of any Product, and change the Group mask
	      on individual bugs to restrict access to members only of
	      certain Groups.
	    </P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
> Groups only work if you enable the "usebuggroups"
	paramater. In addition, if the "usebuggroupsentry" parameter
	is "On", one can restrict access to products by groups, so
	that only members of a product group are able to view bugs
	within that product. Group security in Bugzilla can be divided
	into two categories: Generic and Product-Based.
      </P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	  Groups in Bugzilla are a complicated beast that evolved out
	  of very simple user permission bitmasks, apparently itself
	  derived from common concepts in UNIX access controls.  A
	  "bitmask" is a fixed-length number whose value can describe
	  one, and only one, set of states.  For instance, UNIX file
	  permissions are assigned bitmask values:  "execute" has a
	  value of 1, "write" has a value of 2,  and "read" has a
	  value of 4.  Add them together, and a file can be read,
	  written to, and executed if it has a bitmask of "7". (This
	  is a simplified example -- anybody who knows UNIX security
	  knows there is much more to it than this.  Please bear with
	  me for the purpose of this note.)  The only way a bitmask
	  scheme can work is by doubling the bit count for each value.
	  Thus if UNIX wanted to offer another file permission, the
	  next would have to be a value of 8, then the next 16, the
	  next 32, etc.
	</P
><P
>&#13;	  Similarly, Bugzilla offers a bitmask to define group
	  permissions, with an internal limit of 64.  Several are
	  already occupied by built-in permissions.  The way around
	  this limitation is to avoid assigning groups to products if
	  you have many products, avoid bloating of group lists, and
	  religiously prune irrelevant groups.  In reality, most
	  installations of Bugzilla support far fewer than 64 groups,
	  so this limitation has not hit for most sites, but it is on
	  the table to be revised for Bugzilla 3.0 because it
	  interferes with the security schemes of some administrators.
	</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>&#13;	To enable Generic Group Security ("usebuggroups"):
      </P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Turn "On" "usebuggroups" in the "Edit Parameters" screen.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    You will generally have no groups set up.  Select the
	    "groups" link in the footer.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Take a moment to understand the instructions on the "Edit
	    Groups" screen. Once you feel confident you understand
	    what is expected of you, select the "Add Group" link.
	  </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Fill out the "New Name" (remember, no spaces!), "New
	    Description", and "New User RegExp" fields.  "New User
	    RegExp" allows you to automatically place all users who
	    fulfill the Regular Expression into the new group.

	    <DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1519"><P
><B
>Example 4-6. Creating a New Group</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN1521"><P
></P
><P
>&#13;		  I created a group called DefaultGroup with a
		  description of <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"This is simply a group to play
		  with"</SPAN
>, and a New User RegExp of <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>".*@mydomain.tld"</SPAN
>.
		  This new group automatically includes all Bugzilla
		  users with "@mydomain.tld" at the end of their user id.
		  When I finished, my new group was assigned bit #128.
		</P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
> When you have finished, select the Add
	    button.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
><P
>&#13;	To enable Product-Based Group Security (usebuggroupsentry):
      </P
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	  Don't forget that you only have 64 groups masks available,
	  total, for your installation of Bugzilla!  If you plan on
	  having more than 50 products in your individual Bugzilla
	  installation, and require group security for your products,
	  you should consider either running multiple Bugzillas or
	  using Generic Group Security instead of Product-Based
	  ("usebuggroupsentry") Group Security.
	</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    Turn "On" "usebuggroups" and "usebuggroupsentry" in the
	    "Edit Parameters" screen.
	  </P
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;	      "usebuggroupsentry" has the capacity to prevent the
	      administrative user from directly altering bugs because
	      of conflicting group permissions. If you plan on using
	      "usebuggroupsentry", you should plan on restricting
	      administrative account usage to administrative duties
	      only. In other words, manage bugs with an unpriveleged
	      user account, and manage users, groups, Products, etc.
	      with the administrative account.
	    </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;	    You will generally have no Groups set up, unless you
	    enabled "usebuggroupsentry" prior to creating any
	    Products.  To create "Generic Group Security" groups,
	    follow the instructions given above.  To create
	    Product-Based Group security, simply follow the
	    instructions for creating a new Product.  If you need to
	    add users to these new groups as you create them, you will
	    find the option to add them to the group available under
	    the "Edit User" screens.
	  </P
></LI
></OL
><P
>&#13;	You may find this example illustrative for how bug groups work.
	<DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1536"><P
><B
>Example 4-7. Bugzilla Groups</B
></P
><P
CLASS="literallayout"
><br>
Bugzilla&nbsp;Groups&nbsp;example<br>
-----------------------<br>
<br>
For&nbsp;this&nbsp;example,&nbsp;let&nbsp;us&nbsp;suppose&nbsp;we&nbsp;have&nbsp;four&nbsp;groups,&nbsp;call&nbsp;them<br>
Group1,&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;Group3,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Group4.<br>
<br>
We&nbsp;have&nbsp;5&nbsp;users,&nbsp;User1,&nbsp;User2,&nbsp;User3,&nbsp;User4,&nbsp;User5.<br>
<br>
We&nbsp;have&nbsp;8&nbsp;bugs,&nbsp;Bug1,&nbsp;...,&nbsp;Bug8.<br>
<br>
Group&nbsp;membership&nbsp;is&nbsp;defined&nbsp;by&nbsp;this&nbsp;chart:<br>
(X&nbsp;denotes&nbsp;that&nbsp;user&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;that&nbsp;group.)<br>
(I&nbsp;apologize&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;nasty&nbsp;formatting&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;table.&nbsp;&nbsp;Try&nbsp;viewing<br>
it&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;text-based&nbsp;browser&nbsp;or&nbsp;something&nbsp;for&nbsp;now.&nbsp;-MPB)<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;G&nbsp;G&nbsp;G&nbsp;G<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;r&nbsp;r&nbsp;r&nbsp;r<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&nbsp;o&nbsp;o&nbsp;o<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;u&nbsp;u&nbsp;u&nbsp;u<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;p&nbsp;p&nbsp;p&nbsp;p<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;2&nbsp;3&nbsp;4<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
User1|X|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
User2|&nbsp;|X|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
User3|X|&nbsp;|X|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
User4|X|X|X|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
User5|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
<br>
Bug&nbsp;restrictions&nbsp;are&nbsp;defined&nbsp;by&nbsp;this&nbsp;chart:<br>
(X&nbsp;denotes&nbsp;that&nbsp;bug&nbsp;is&nbsp;restricted&nbsp;to&nbsp;that&nbsp;group.)<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;G&nbsp;G&nbsp;G&nbsp;G<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;r&nbsp;r&nbsp;r&nbsp;r<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&nbsp;o&nbsp;o&nbsp;o<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;u&nbsp;u&nbsp;u&nbsp;u<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;p&nbsp;p&nbsp;p&nbsp;p<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;2&nbsp;3&nbsp;4<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug1|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug2|&nbsp;|X|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug3|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|X|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug4|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|X|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug5|X|X|&nbsp;|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug6|X|&nbsp;|X|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug7|X|X|X|&nbsp;|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
Bug8|X|X|X|X|<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+-+-+-+-+<br>
<br>
Who&nbsp;can&nbsp;see&nbsp;each&nbsp;bug?<br>
<br>
Bug1&nbsp;has&nbsp;no&nbsp;group&nbsp;restrictions.&nbsp;&nbsp;Therefore,&nbsp;Bug1&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;any<br>
user,&nbsp;whatever&nbsp;their&nbsp;group&nbsp;membership.&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;going&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;the&nbsp;only<br>
bug&nbsp;that&nbsp;User5&nbsp;can&nbsp;see,&nbsp;because&nbsp;User5&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;in&nbsp;any&nbsp;groups.<br>
<br>
Bug2&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;User2&nbsp;and&nbsp;User4.<br>
<br>
Bug3&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group3,&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;User3&nbsp;and&nbsp;User4.<br>
<br>
Bug4&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group4.&nbsp;&nbsp;Nobody&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group4,&nbsp;so&nbsp;none&nbsp;of<br>
these&nbsp;users&nbsp;can&nbsp;see&nbsp;Bug4.<br>
<br>
Bug5&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;who&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;_both_&nbsp;Group1&nbsp;and&nbsp;Group2.&nbsp;&nbsp;This<br>
is&nbsp;only&nbsp;User4.&nbsp;&nbsp;User1&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;see&nbsp;it&nbsp;because&nbsp;he&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;and<br>
User2&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;see&nbsp;it&nbsp;because&nbsp;she&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group1.<br>
<br>
Bug6&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;who&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;both&nbsp;Group1&nbsp;and&nbsp;Group3.&nbsp;&nbsp;This<br>
would&nbsp;include&nbsp;User3&nbsp;and&nbsp;User4.&nbsp;&nbsp;Similar&nbsp;to&nbsp;Bug5,&nbsp;User1&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;see&nbsp;Bug6<br>
because&nbsp;he&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group3.<br>
<br>
Bug7&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;who&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group1,&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Group3.&nbsp;&nbsp;This<br>
is&nbsp;only&nbsp;User4.&nbsp;&nbsp;All&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;others&nbsp;are&nbsp;missing&nbsp;at&nbsp;least&nbsp;one&nbsp;of&nbsp;those<br>
group&nbsp;privileges,&nbsp;and&nbsp;thus&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;see&nbsp;the&nbsp;bug.<br>
<br>
Bug8&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;by&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;who&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group1,&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;Group3,&nbsp;and<br>
Group4.&nbsp;&nbsp;There&nbsp;is&nbsp;nobody&nbsp;in&nbsp;all&nbsp;four&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;groups,&nbsp;so&nbsp;nobody&nbsp;can<br>
see&nbsp;Bug8.&nbsp;&nbsp;It&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;matter&nbsp;that&nbsp;User4&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group1,&nbsp;Group2,&nbsp;and<br>
Group3,&nbsp;since&nbsp;he&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;in&nbsp;Group4.<br>
	&nbsp;&nbsp;</P
></DIV
>
      </P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="useradmin.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="index.html"
ACCESSKEY="H"
>Home</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="security.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
>User Administration</TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="administration.html"
ACCESSKEY="U"
>Up</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
>Bugzilla Security</TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></BODY
></HTML
>